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- 1. Nature 173, 439 (1954) , “PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE IN NEUTRON-IRRADIATED DIAMOND AND SMOKY QUARITZ”, Dr. J. H. E. Griffiths, J. Owen, I. M. WardThe nature of lattice defects in neutron-irradiated diamond is a problem of current interest. These defects are known to cause changes in some of the physical properties1 and give rise to a paramagnetic absorption spectrum. We have measured this spectrum in the temperature-range 20º-290ºK., using wave-lengths of 1-2 and 3-1 cm. There are many closely spaced lines, of which two main types can be distinguished. (Read more)
- 2. Phys. Rev. Lett. 2, 39 (1959) , “ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE OF ACCEPTOR STATES IN DIAMOND”, W. V. Smith, I. L. Gelles, and P. P. SorokinPrevious work reporting electron spin resonance in diamond has been concerned exclusively with paramagnetic centers produced by irradiation with fast neutrons. Using standard resonance techniques we have recently detected at room temperature a family of weak, narrow resonance lines near g=2... (Read more)
- 3. Phys. Rev. 115, 1546 (1959) , “Electron-Spin Resonance of Nitrogen Donors in Diamond”, W. V. Smith, P. P. Sorokin, I. L. Gelles, and G. J. LasherElectron-spin resonance of bound substitutional nitrogen donors in diamond is observed and discussed. The g factor is isotropic at 2.00240.0005. For a given donor, one of the C-N bond directions is a hyperfine axis with constants A=40.8 oersteds, B=29.2 oersteds. There are thus four types of... (Read more)
- 4. Phys. Rev. 118, 939 (1960) , “Cross Relaxation Studies in Diamond”, P. P. Sorokin, G. J. Lasher, and I. L. GellesA microwave double resonance experiment performed on the paramagnetic nitrogen centers in diamond shows that in this system cross relaxation occurs via a four spin flip mechanism which exactly conserves Zeeman energy. In this process, which was first postulated by Bloembergen and co-workers in their... (Read more)
- 5. J. Appl. Phys. 32, 1854 (1961) , “Paramagnetic Resonance of Defects Introduced Near the Surface of Solids by Mechanical Damage”, G. K. Walters and T. L. EstleElectron spin resonance characteristics of a number of materials subjected to violent mechanical treatment are reported. A line with g=2.0055 observed in silicon is attributed to defects introduced near the surface by mechanical damage. The resonance properties are uninfluenced by... (Read more)
- 6. Nature 194, 829 (1962) , “DIAMONDS CONTAINING CONTROLLABLE IMPURITY CONCENTRATIONS”, C. M. Huggins, P. CannonThe presence of cosiderable quantities of impurities in natural diamond has recently been confirmed1,2. This led Frank3 to remark that multiple techniques of examination must be used on such material. In view of the report of Yoneda4 concerning possible effects of nitrogen on the X-ray diffraction patterns of diamond, it seems worth-while to us to comment further on some of the results which we have gained by the deliberate introduction of a given impurity into laboratory-grown diamond. We shall limit ourselves to a qualitative examination of the electron spin resonance spectra of a few specimens, in the belief that the profundity of the effects suffices to establish that progress in this area is now limited by the composition variability of natural diamond. (Read more)
- 7. Phys. Rev. Lett. 10, 220 (1963) , “ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE INVESTIGATION OF THE VACANCY IN DIAMOND”, John A. Baldwin, Jr.Griffiths, Owen, and Ward reported that diamonds exposed to reactor neutrons developed an intense isotropic electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) absorption lone whose g value was very close to that of the free electron. They found that a similar line was produced by 1-MeV electrons. The work herein... (Read more)
- 8. Nature 198, 981 (1963) , “Electron Spin Resonance in Neutron-irradiated Diamond”, E. A. Faulkner, E. W. J. Mitchell, P. W. WhippeyRecent work has shown that the nature of the electron spin resonance spectrum observed in irradiated diamond depends on the type and amount of irradiation. Faulkner and Lomer used comparatively heavy doses of 2-MeV electrons (up to 8×1019 electron cm-3) and distinguished four systems, all of which show a g-value which is isotropic and equal to the free-spin value within 0-2 per cent: (a) asingle line of width about 5 gauss; (b) a system of 24 lines with symmentry axes near the <221> directions, and a D-value of 0-14 cm-1; (c) a system of 6 lines with symmentry axes along the <100> directions and a D-value of 0-14 cm-1; (d) a broad absorption with a half-power width of about 70 gauss, showing a complicated anisotropic structure. (Read more)
- 9. Sov. Phys. Solid State 6, 2460 (1965) , “DISTRIBUTION OF PARAMAGNETIC NITROGEN CENTERS IN SOME TYPE-I DIAMONDS”, N. D. Samsonenko
- 10. Solid State Commun. 3, 307 (1965) , “EXCHANGE INTERACTION EFFECTS IN THE E.S.R. SPECTRUM OF SUBSTITUTIONAL NITROGEN IN DIAMOND”, J. H. N. Loubser, W. P. van Ryneveld and L. du PreezThe E.S.R. lines due to substitutional nitrogen in synthetic diamond powders, heavily doped with nitrogen, were found to exhibit the characteristic features of exchange interaction. In the coats of natural diamonds additional lines due to exchange interaction between triads of nitrogen atoms were... (Read more)
- 11. J. Chem. Phys. 42, 1898 (1965) , “Irradiation Damage in Type I Diamond”, H. B. Dyer and L. du PreezIn addition to the GRI and uv bands induced in all diamond by 0.78-MeV electron irradiation, another optical absorption feature, which we have named the ND1 band, is found in all Type I diamonds. A single EPR line appears to be associated with the ND1 band.It is suggested that the ND1 center arises... (Read more)
- 12. Brit. J. Appl. Phys. 16, 457 (1965) , “New lines in the electron spin resonance spectrum of substitutional nitrogen donors in diamond”, J. H. N. Loubser, L. du PreezThe electron spin resonance lines of nitrogen impurity in diamond found by Smith, Sorokin, Gelles and Lasher have been re-examined in special samples and at low energy densities. (Read more)
- 13. Nature 210, 1037 (1966) , “Electron Spin Resonance Spectra associated with Nitrogen in Diamonds”, H. J. Bower, M. C. R. SymonsMANY diamonds show an electron spin resonance spectrum which has been attributed to the presence of single nitrogen atoms substituted for carbon at a diamond lattice site. Smith etal.1 found four types of nitrogen donors, equally abundant and differing only in their hyperfine axes, these being the four C–N bond directions. They measured the hyperfine coupling constants for 14N(I=1), and for 13C(I = ½) in the nearest neighbour positions (denoted centre I). Loubser and du Preez2 found additional lines in the spectrum, which they attributed to interaction of the unpaired electron with carbon-13 at other lattice sites (centres II, III and IV). The hyperfine coupling constants are recorded in Table 1, together with the orbital populations. These populations were obtained using values of |ψ2s(0)|2 and
-3>2p calculated from self-consistent-field atomic wave functions derived by Mayers and by Roothaan and Clementi (see ref. 3). (We have omitted any correction for the δ+ charge on nitrogen and the δ- charge on carbon: this would increase the spin density on carbon at the expense of the nitrogen.) (Read more) - 14. Nature 210, 692 (1966) , “DISTRIBUTION OF SUBSTITUTIONAL NITROGEN DONORS IN SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS”, M. J. A. Smith, B. R. Angel, R. G. EmmonsConsiderable attention has been devoted to the study of nitrogen impurity in natural diamonds using the technique of electron spin resonance1-3. The spectrum obtained in due to the unpaired electron provided by the substitutional nitrogen atom and the main feature is a triplet at g = 2.0024 caused by interaction with the nitrogen nucleus which has a spin of unity. The distribution of nitrogen is variable and would seem to depend on the method by which the diamond was formed. (Read more)
- 15. Sov. Phys. Solid State 8, 1842 (1967) , “REORIENTATION OF THE JAHN-TELLER DISTORTION IN NITROGEN IMPURITY CENTERS IN DIAMOND”, L. A. Shulman, I. M. Zaritskii, G. A. Podzyarei
- 16. J. Appl. Phys. 38, 337 (1967) , “Electron Spin Resonance in Semiconducting Diamonds”, M. D. BellElectron spin resonance (ESR) was studied in five semiconducting diamonds in the temperature range 108°370°K and at 4.2°K. The g factor is 2.0030±0.0003, and the linewidth varies from 0.3 to 8 Oe at room temperature. The number of spins contributing to the ESR... (Read more)
- 17. Brit. J. Appl. Phys. 18, 1029 (1967) , “The dynamic Jahn - Teller and other effects in the high-temperature electron spin resonance spectrum of nitrogen in diamond”, J. H. N. Loubser, W. P. van RyneveldThe re-orientation of the Jahn-Teller distortion of the C-N bond in diamond containing substitutional nitrogen was observed, through its effect on shape of the hyperfine lines of the nitrogen electron spin resonance spectrum, in the range 600-1230°K. The weak satellite lines due to... (Read more)
- 18. Sov. Phys. Solid State 9, 1545 (1968) , “EXCHANGE PAIRS OF NITROGEN IMPURITIES IN DIAMOND”, L. A. Shulman, I. M. Zaritskii, K. A. Tikhonenko
- 19. Sov. Phys. Solid State 10, 1789 (1969) , “THE STATE OF NITROGEN IMPURITIES IN SYNTHETIC DIAMONDS”, E. V. Sobolev, Yu. A. Litvin, N. D. Samsonenko, V. E. Ilin, S. V. Lenskaya, V. P. Butuzov
- 20. Sov. Phys. Solid State 11, 1104 (1969) , “ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE OF IONIZED NITROGEN PAIRS IN DIAMOND”, M. Ya. Shcherbakova, E. V. Sobolev, N. D. Samsonenko, V. K. Aksenov
- 21. J. Appl. Phys. 41, 2977 (1970) , “Analysis of an Electron Spin Resonance Spectrum in Natural Diamonds”, P. E. Klingsporn, M. D. Bell, and W. J. LeivoAn anisotropic electron spin resonance spectrum was observed in three natural Type Ib diamonds. The diamonds which exhibit the spectrum also show the spectrum from substitutional nitrogen donors previously observed by others. The spectrum consists of three anisotropic groups of lines. The spectrum... (Read more)
- 22. Sov. Phys. Solid State 12, 2303 (1971) , “EFFECT OF THE SPIN-SPIN RESERVOIR ON SATURATION OF THE NITROGEN EPR LINE IN DIAMOND”, L. A. Shulman, A. B. Brik, T. A. Nachalnaya, G. A. Podzyarei
- 23. Sov. Phys. Solid State 13, 281 (1971) , “ELECTRON PARAMAGNETIC RESONANCE OF NITROGEN-ALUMINUM PAIRS IN DIAMOND”, M. Ya. Shcherbakova, E. V. Soboleva, N. D. Samsonenko, V. A. Nadolinnyi, P. V. Schastnev, A. G. Semenov
- 24. Solid State Commun. 9, 313 (1971) , “ELECTRON SPIN RESONANCE OF SPIN S = 1 STATES IN UNIRRADIATED DIAMONDS”, Thomas SzendreiThree types of paramagnetic centres with effective spin S = 1 have been detected in natural unirradiated type Ib diamonds. The values of the zero field spitting are 200 oe, 220 oe and 246 oe. (Read more)
- 25. J. Appl. Phys. 42, 722 (1971) , “New S = 1 EPR Center in Irradiated Diamond”, Y. M. Kim, G. D. WatkinsElectron spin resonance studies have been made of natural diamond crystals electron-irradiated at room temperature. A radiation-induced spectrum is identified as arising from a new anisotropic S=1 center. The S=1 center is characterized by: g1=2.0026,... (Read more)
- 26. Sov. Phys. Solid State 13, 1809 (1972) , “DEFECTS IN SYNTHETIC DIAMOND POWDERS AND THE DYNAMIC JAHN-TELLER EFFECT”, Yu. A. Bratashevskii, F. N. Bukhanko, N. D. Samsonenko, O. Z. Shapiro
- 27. Sov. Phys. Solid State 14, 1521 (1972) , “EXCHANGE BROADENING OF THE HYPERFINE COMPONENTS OF THE ESR SPECTRUM OF NITROGEN IN DIAMOND”, L. A. Shulman, G. A. Podzyarei
- 28. phys. stat. sol. (a) 21, 677 (1974) , “EPR Measurements in Ion-Implanted Diamond”, P. R. Brosious, J. W. Corbett, J. C. BourgoinA new EPR spectrum, arising from defects in diamond created by boron, carbon, and nitrogen ion-implantation, is observed. The spectrum, lattice damage production, and annealing of damage are discussed and are ascribed to amorphous carbon. (Read more)
- 29. phys. stat. sol. (a) 25, 541 (1974) , “Electron Paramagnetic Resonance in Diamond Implanted at Various Energies and Temperatures”, P. R. Brosious, Y. H. Lee, J. W. Corbett, L. J. ChengAmorphous carbon layer EPR measurements have been fitted to a model which predicts the critical fluences at which the layer forms for any temperature and ion species; it predicts the layer will not form during nitrogen ion implantation in diamond above 1031°K. A new anisotropic EPR spectrum labeled D-A4 is observed after hot-implantation (650°C) with nitrogen ions. It is thought to be a spin-one-center arising from a small D-tensor interaction with <111> symmetry. Hot implantation suppresses the formation of the amorphous layer and enhances creation of crystalline lattice defects. (Read more)
- 30. Sov. Phys. Solid State 16, 1377 (1975) , “Cross relaxation in ESR spectra of synthetic diamonds”, L. A. Shulman, G. A. Podzyarei
- 31. Sov. Phys. Solid State 16, 2118 (1975) , “Electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum and the infrared absorption of diamonds doped with nitrogen isotopes”, Yu. A. Klyuev, V. I. Nepsha, A. M. Naletov
- 32. Sov. Phys. Solid State 17, 991 (1975) , “Electron spin resonance of Co2+ ions in synthetic diamonds”, V. S. Bagdasaryan, . A. Markosyan, M. A. Matosyan, O. S. Torosyan, E. G. Sharoyan
- 33. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 14, 544 (1975) , “Study of Defects Introduced by Ion Implantation in Diamond”, J. -F. Morhange, R. Beserman, J. C. BourgoinNatural type IIa diamonds have been implanted with 70 keV carbon, nitrogen and boron ions. The behaviour of the defects introduced is monitored using electron paramagnetic resonance, absorption, luminescence and Raman scattering measurements. We first describe and discuss the applicability of these... (Read more)
- 34. Sov. Phys. Solid State 18, 1883 (1976) , “Spin-lattice relaxation of a Jahn-Teller nitrogen center in diamond”, I. M. Zaritskii, V. Ya. Bratus, V. S. Vikhnin, A. S. Vishnevskii, A. A. Konchits, V. M. Ustintsev
- 35. Solid State Commun. 22, 767 (1977) , “ESR STUDIES OF DIAMOND POWDERS”, J. H. N. LoubserThe ESR spectrum of two defect centres were observed in finely ground diamond powders (0.5 to 30 μm size). The one centre has been seen before in irradiated and annealed single crystals of natural diamonds (the O1 centre) while the second one has only been seen in synthetic diamonds grown from... (Read more)
- 36. Sov. Phys. Solid State 20, 178 (1978) , “Influence of temperature on spin-spin interaction of nitrogen and nickel centers in diamond”, V. K. Bezobchuk, A. B. Brik, I. V. Matyash, Yu. V. Fedotov
- 37. Solid State Commun. 26, 255 (1978) , “EPR STUDIES OF A TWO-NITROGEN-ATOM CENTRE IN NATURAL, PLASTICALLY-DEFORMED DIAMOND”, C. M. WelbournThe hyperfine structure of an EPR system in a natural, brown diamond implies that the system is due to a centre containing two nitrogen atoms on almost equivalent sites. X-ray topographic evidence shows that the sample has been plastically deformed and it is suggested that a possible model for the... (Read more)
- 38. phys. stat. sol. (a) 50, 237 (1978) , “High-Temperature Ion Implantation in Diamond”, Y. H. Lee, P. R. Brosious, J. W. CorbettC+ and N+ implantation into type IIa diamond are performed at various temperatures (25 to 1000°C) and ion-induced damage is studied by EPR measurements at 1.2 to 300 K. Hot implantation at 1000°C results in a reduced spin density of “amorphous” carbon by an order of... (Read more)
- 39. Solid State Commun. 30, 211 (1979) , “IMAGING OF PARAMAGNETIC CENTRES IN DIAMOND”, M. J. R. Hoch and A. R. DayAn imaging method for determining the spatial distribution of paramagnetic nitrogen centres in diamond is described. Results are presented for a sample consisting of two small type IB diamonds. (Read more)
- 40. Phys. Rev. Lett. 47, 954 (1981) , “Reorientation of Nitrogen in Type-Ib Diamond by Thermal Excitation and Tunneling”, C. A. J. Ammerlaan, E. A. BurgemeisterThe rate of anneal of stress-induced ordering of isolated substitutional nitrogen impurities in diamond, measured in the temperature range 78K<T<200K, shows large deviations from Arrhenius-type behavior. It is concluded that in the temperature range considered, reorientation of the centers... (Read more)
- 41. Phys. Rev. A 25, 1272 (1982) , “Muonium in diamond”, E. Holzschuh, W. Kndig, P. F. Meier, B. D. Patterson, J. P. F. Sellschop, M. C. Stemmet, H. AppelTwo muonium states have been found in diamond. "Normal" muonium shows an isotropic hyperfine interaction with a coupling constant A/h=371121 MHz. "Anomalous" muonium is described by a ?111? axially symmetric spin Hamiltonian with coupling constants extrapolated to 0 K |A?|/h=167.980.06... (Read more)
- 42. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys. 15, L183 (1982) , “Optically active nickel in synthetic diamond”, A. T. Collins, P. M. SpearDiamonds grown using a nickel catalyst-solvent have vibronic absorption systems with zero-phonon lines at 1.883 and 2.51 eV, and show absorption at the Raman frequency (1332 cm-1) in the defect-induced one-phonon absorption spectrum. Circumstantial evidence suggests that these... (Read more)
- 43. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 15, L981 (1982) , “Carbon-12 hyperfine interaction of the unique carbon of the P2 (ESR) or N3 (optical) centre in diamond”, J. A. van WykThe latest model proposed for the P2 centre shows that the paramagnetic electron is associated mainly with one carbon atom. The observation of the carbon-13 hyperfine interaction with this carbon is reported, and the appropriate hyperfine parameters for this interaction are given. (Read more)
- 44. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 16, 1501 (1983) , “Electron spin resonance of a di-nitrogen centre in Cape yellow type Ia diamonds”, J. A. van Wyk, J. H. N. LoubserA di-nitrogen centre has been observed in gem quality Cape yellow diamonds while illuminated with ultraviolet light. Analysis of the spectrum shows that the paramagnetic electron is localised on two neighbouring nitrogens along (111) directions, which suggests that it is most likely a derivative of... (Read more)
- 45. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 17, L233 (1984) , “Persistent spectral hole burning of colour centres in diamond”, R. T. Harley, M. J. Henderson, R. M. MacfarlaneFour zero-phonon lines of defect centres in diamond (GR1 (741 nm), N-V (637 nm), H4 (496 nm) and N3 (415 nm)) have been shown to exhibit persistent spectral hole burning. The phenomenon appears to be a rather general one in diamond and should prove very powerful for elucidation of the nature of... (Read more)
- 46. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 18, 2623 (1985) , “Magnetic resonance spectroscopy in semiconducting diamond”, C. A. J. Ammerlaan, R. van KempIn type-IIb semiconducting diamond an electron paramagnetic resonance spectrum, which is labelled C-NL1, is observed. For detection of the resonance low sample temperatures (T<4K) and the application of a large uniaxial stress (P approximately=1 GPa) are required. The spectrum can be analysed... (Read more)
- 47. Phys. Rev. B 38, 4388 (1988) , “Sign of the hyperfine parameters of anomalous muonium in diamond”, W. Odermatt, Hp. Baumeler, H. Keller, W. Kndig, B. D. Patterson, J. W. Schneider, J. P. F. Sellschop, M. C. Stemmet, S. Connell, D. P. SpencerObservations with the muon-spin-rotation (?SR) technique of the thermally activated transition from the isotropic muonium state Mu to the anisotropic muonium state Mu* in diamond are used to determine the sign of the Mu* hyperfine constants. It is found that the isotropic part... (Read more)
- 48. Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 27, 1808 (1988) , “ESR in Diamond Thin Films Synthesized by Microwave Plasma Chemical Vapor Deposition”, I. Watanabe, K. SugataA variety of diamond films of poor and good quality are synthesized by microwave plasma CVD from a mixture of hydrogen and CH4, CH3OH or C2H5OH. A comparative study on the ESR and Raman spectra of these films is performed. The diamond films of good quality... (Read more)
- 49. J. Phys. C: Solid State Phys. 21, 4385 (1988) , “Optically detected spin coherence of the diamond N-V centre in its triplet ground state”, E. van Oort, N. B. Manson, M. GlasbeekFor the N-V centre in type Ib diamond the optical detection of spin coherence in the 3A state is reported. The 3A-state lifetime is studied as a function of the light intensity used for the optical excitation of the N-V centre by means of spin-locking experiments. The... (Read more)
- 50. Phys. Rev. B 40, 6509 (1989) , “Cross-relaxation dynamics of optically excited N-V centers in diamond”, E. van Oort, M. GlasbeekUpon the cw optical excitation of N-V centers in diamond, a spin alignment in the ensemble of nonexcited N-V defects in the electron spin-triplet ground state is induced. When the diamond sample is subjected to magnetic fields of suitable directions and strengths, cross relaxation (CR) and level... (Read more)
- 51. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 1, 10549 (1989) , “14N ENDOR of the OK1 centre in natural type Ib diamond”, M. E. Newton, J. M. BakerAn ENDOR investigation has confirmed that the OK1 centre is a low-symmetry ( sigma h) centre, incorporating a single nitrogen atom. The 14N hyperfine and quadrupole coupling matrices have been determined by fitting the data to an exact solution of the energy matrix. Using this... (Read more)
- 52. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 1, 9801 (1989) , “14N ENDOR of the N2 centre in diamond”, M. E. Newton, J. M. Baker14N ENDOR in the N2 centre in diamond demonstrates that nitrogen is a constituent of the centre. (Read more)
- 53. phys. stat. sol. (a) 121, 63 (1990) , “Point Paramagnetic Defects in Diamond Irradiated by High-Energy Ions”, D. P. Erchak, R. B. Grelfand, N. M. Penina, V. F. Stelmakh, V. P. Tolstykh, A. G. Ulyashin, V. S. Varichenko, A. M. ZaitsevA series of highly oriented and textured microwave CVD diamond films, where only the deposition time was varied, was deposited on silicon wafers in order to follow the evolution of the microstructure and defect content with film thickness. SEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, luminescence measurements, and... (Read more)
- 54. Phys. Rev. B 41, 3905 (1990) , “Fourier-transform and continuous-wave EPR studies of nickel in synthetic diamond: Site and spin multiplicity”, J. Isoya, H. Kanda, J. R. Norris, J. Tang, M. K. BowmanPulsed, Fourier-transform, and continuous-wave electron paramagnetic resonance methods are used to study the g=2.0319 EPR signal in synthetic diamond crystals. This signal is from Ni which is found to be located at a substitutional site in the diamond lattice without detectable nearby charge... (Read more)
- 55. Phys. Rev. B 42, 8605 (1990) , “Low-field optically detected magnetic resonance of a coupled triplet-doublet defect pair in diamond”, Eric van Oort, Paul Stroomer, and Max GlasbeekMicrowave-induced changes in the optical emission of the N-V center in diamond have previously been attributed to magnetic resonance of the defect in its 3A ground state [E. van Oort et al., J. Phys. C 21, 4385 (1988)]. In this paper, the focus is on the origin of the hyperfine splittings... (Read more)
- 56. Phys. Rev. B 42, 9843 (1990) , “EPR studies of interstitial Ni centers in synthetic diamond crystals”, J. Isoya, H. Kanda, Y. UchidaTwo new electron-paramagnetic-resonance (EPR) spectra, tentatively labeled NIRIM-1 and NIRIM-2, have been studied using synthetic diamond crystals grown from the Ni solvent to which various amounts of nitrogen getters (Ti, Zr) and/or boron were added. The NIRIM-1 spectrum (g=2.0112) having the... (Read more)diamond| EPR| NIRIM1 NIRIM2 .inp files: diamond/NIRIM1 diamond/NIRIM2 | last update: Masatoshi Sasaki
- 57. Opt. Lett. 15, 1094 (1990) , “Raman heterodyne detected electron-nuclear-double-resonance measurements of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond”, N. B. Manson, X. -F. He, P. T. H. FiskWe report two new applications of the Raman heterodyne detection technique. Raman heterodyne detected electron-nuclear double resonance and a double rf resonance technique are used to obtain the hyperfine structure of the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond. (Read more)
- 58. Opt. Lett. 15, 983 (1990) , “Raman heterodyne detection of electron paramagnetic resonance”, K. Holliday, X. -F. He, P. T. H. Fisk, N. B. MansonWe report the detection of an electron paramagnetic resonance signal using Raman heterodyne spectroscopy, a rf –optical double-resonance technique. The signals are associated with the nitrogen-vacancy center in diamond, which has a spin-triplet ground state. A three-line spectrum associated with the nitrogen hyperfine structure is observed for various magnetic field strengths and crystal orientations. (Read more)
- 59. J. Lumin. 45, 26 (1990) , “ANOMALOUS LINESHAPES IN RAMAN HETERODYNE DETECTED EPR”, P. T. H. Fisk, X. -F. He, K. Holliday and N. B. MansonAn unusual lineshape has been observed in the Raman heterodyne NMR and EPR signals associated with a nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond. This lineshape is shown to result from power broadening effects and can be expected as a general result from any Raman heterodyne signal where the transition under... (Read more)
- 60. Sov. Phys. Solid State 33, 1409 (1991) , “Electron paramagnetic resonance of phosphorus in diamond”, N. D. Samsonenko, V. V. Toki?, S. V. Gorban
- 61. Phys. Rev. Lett. 67, 3420 (1991) , “Spin Dynamics and Electronic States of N-V Centers in Diamond by EPR and Four-Wave-Mixing Spectroscopy”, D. A. Redman, S. Brown, R. H. Sands, S. C. RandA new phase-modulation technique for nonlinear laser spectroscopy is applied with a relative resolving power in the sub-Hz range to measure fundamental relaxation processes of the N-V center in diamond. Complementary EPR experiments versus temperature establish the spin character of the ground state... (Read more)
- 62. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 3, 3591 (1991) , “ENDOR studies on the W7 di-nitrogen centre in brown diamond”, M. E. Newton, J. M. BakerA new technique, involved rapid and repeated sweeping of radio-frequency irradiation through a wide frequency range, has been used to enhance the ENDOR signal of the W7 di-nitrogen centre in diamond. This allowed the determination of the following magnetic hyperfine and electric quadrupole... (Read more)
- 63. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 3, 3605 (1991) , “Models for the di-nitrogen centres found in brown diamond”, M. E. Newton, J. M. BakerNo new experiments are reported in this paper: the paper comprises a re-interpretation of published EPR data of the various di-nitrogen centres in brown diamond, including the new ENDOR results of the authors' previous paper on the W7 centre (see ibid., vol.3, p.3591, 1991). The new evidence about... (Read more)
- 64. J. Lumin. 48-49, 803 (1991) , “Microwave-induced line-narrowing of the N-V defect absorption in diamond”, E. van Oort, B. van der Kamp, R. Sitter and M. GlasbeekFor the diamond N-V center results of optically detected magnetic resonance experiments are reported using narrow-band laser excitation. Strain-induced splittings of the 3A ground state are observed in the ODMR spectra. In addition, an internal strain-induced lifting of the orbital degeneracy in the... (Read more)
- 65. Appl. Phys. Lett. 59, 1870 (1991) , “Paramagnetic nitrogen in chemical vapor deposition diamond thin films”, M. Hoinkis, E. R. Weber, M. I. Landstrass, M. A. Plano, S. Han, D. R. KaniaElectron-paramagnetic-resonance (EPR) studies demonstrate the presence of nitrogen point defects in microwave-assisted chemical vapor deposition (CVD) diamond thin films. Polycrystalline powder pattern EPR spectra are interpreted with g=2.0023, A=114.0 MHz, and... (Read more)
- 66. Phys. Rev. B 45, 1436 (1992) , “EPR identification of the negatively charged vacancy in diamond”, J. Isoya, H. Kanda, Y. Uchida, S. C. Lawson, S. Yamasaki, H. Itoh, Y. MoritaElectron-paramagnetic-resonance and electron-nuclear-double-resonance (ENDOR) methods are used to identify the negatively charged state of the isolated vacancy in electron-irradiated synthetic diamond crystals. The Td symmetry is confirmed by determining the arrangement of both nearest... (Read more)
- 67. Phys. Rev. B 45, 5699 (1992) , “Optical detection of magnetic resonance in the photoexcited triplet state of a deep center in diamond”, J. Westra, R. Sitters, and M. GlasbeekFrom an optically detected magnetic resonance study of the 2.818-eV zero-phonon emission in brown diamond, direct evidence for the existence of a photoexcited phosphorescent triplet state in diamond has been obtained. The emission is attributed to a deep-center triplet state with spin-Hamiltonian... (Read more)
- 68. Phys. Rev. B 46, 10600 (1992) , “Cross-relaxation dynamics of the N-V center in diamond as studied via optically detected microwave recovery transients”, I. Hiromitsu, J. Westra, M. GlasbeekThe N-V center in diamond is a nitrogen-vacancy pair defect with an electronic triplet spin ground state. Upon optical excitation and in the presence of an applied magnetic field, two subensembles of N-V centers with different spin temperatures are created at liquid-helium temperatures. For certain... (Read more)
- 69. Phys. Rev. B 46, 5303 (1992) , “Cross-relaxation effects in the 2.818-eV zero-phonon emission in brown diamond”, I. Hiromitsu, J. Westra, and M. GlasbeekIn brown diamond, the long-lived emission at 2.818 eV is known to be due to a localized center in the photoexcited triplet state. In this paper, the emission intensity of the 2.818-eV center is studied as a function of the strength of an externally applied magnetic field. The cross-relaxation (CR)... (Read more)
- 70. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 4, 2651 (1992) , “ENDOR and high-temperature EPR of the N3 centre in natural type Ib diamonds”, J. A. van Wyk, J. H. N. Loubsert, M. E. Newton, J. M. BakerThe N3 is a single paramagnetic electron centre observed in type Ib diamonds. It has monoclinic symmetry below 200 degrees C and becomes axially symmetric at higher temperatures. It displays an unusual hyperfine structure which is shown to be from a single 14N nucleus. The... (Read more)
- 71. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 4, 8119 (1992) , “ENDOR studies on the N1 di-nitrogen centre in diamond”, A. Cox, M. E. Newton, J. M. BakerNew ENDOR measurements on the N1 centre confirm the N-C-N+ model for the defect. The N+ is in a substitutional site with approximately tetrahedral symmetry. The N-C fragment of the centre resembles the P1 centre, with slightly larger unpaired electron density on the nitrogen,... (Read more)
- 72. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 9, 768 (1992) , “Origin of persistent hole burning of N-V centers in diamond”, D. Redman, S. Brown, S. C. RandNew satellite features and antiholes in the persistent hole-burning spectrum of N–V centers in diamond, as well as their dependences on applied electric fields and frequency within the inhomogeneous absorption line, are reported. These results, together with reassignments of spin states of this center, permit an understanding of the origin of the satellite holes as well as of possible mechanisms for the persistent hole-burning phenomenon itself. In addition we report narrow optical interference fringes in heterodyne-detected spectra of persistent spectral holes in the N–V defect center in diamond and discuss a recent suggestion for high-resolution Ramsey-fringe hole-burning spectroscopy of solids based on phase-separated fields. (Read more)
- 73. J. Lumin. 53, 49 (1992) , “Raman heterodyne studies of the nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond”, Neil B. Manson, Xing-Fei He and Peter T. H. FiskThe Raman heterodyne detected EPR and NMR frequencies associated with the nitrogen-vacancy centre in diamond are found to be consistent with those for a spin-triplet ground state with the following spin-Hamiltonian parameters g = 2.0028, gn = 0.4036, D = 2.88 GHz, |A||| = 2.3 MHz, |A| = 2.1 MHz and... (Read more)
- 74. J. Lumin. 53, 88 (1992) , “Frequency-dependent dephasing of N-V centers in diamond”, Eric van Oort and Max GlasbeekIn this paper, we report on high-resolution magneto-optical double-resonance experiments on the 3A →3E zero-phonon line (ZPL) transition of the N-V center in diamond. It is demonstrated that hole burning of the ZPL absorption (at 637 nm) is achieved by resonant microwave excitation of the... (Read more)
- 75. J. Appl. Phys. 72, 211 (1992) , “Autler–Townes effect of the photoexcited diamond nitrogen-vacancy center in its triplet ground state”, Xing-Fei He, Peter T. H. Fisk, and Neil B. MansonThe AutlerTownes effect in nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electron paramagnetic resonance has been observed using recently developed Raman heterodyne techniques. The measurements were carried out on the nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond, where the 3A"... (Read more)
- 76. Phys. Rev. Lett. 71, 557 (1993) , “Bond-Centered Muonium in Diamond: Resolved Nuclear Hyperfine Structure”, J. W. Schneider, R. F. Kiefl, K. H. Chow, S. Johnston, J. Sonier, T. L. Estle, B. Hitti, R. L. Lichti, S. H. Connell, J. P. E. Sellschop, C. G. Smallman, T. R. Anthony, W. F. BanholzerThe nuclear hyperfine structure of bond-centered muonium in 13C enriched diamond has been resolved using time-differential transverse-field muon spin rotation. The measured nearest-neighbor 13C hyperfine parameters are compared to theoretical values from a recent ab initio... (Read more)
- 77. Phys. Rev. B 47, 8809 (1993) , “Paramagnetic resonance of photoexcited N-V defects in diamond. I. Level anticrossing in the 3A ground state”, X. -F. He, N. B. Manson, P. T. H. FiskRaman-heterodyne-detected paramagnetic resonance has been used to study the level anticrossing in the 3A state of the N-V defect in diamond. The electron-paramagnetic-resonance (EPR) frequencies are well accounted for by a triplet-spin Hamiltonian. Comparison of the EPR spectra with the... (Read more)
- 78. Phys. Rev. B 47, 8816 (1993) , “Paramagnetic resonance of photoexcited N-V defects in diamond. II. Hyperfine interaction with the 14N nucleus”, X. -F. He, N. B. Manson, P. T. H. FiskHyperfine interactions associated with the 14N nucleus in the diamond N-V defect have been investigated using Raman-heterodyne techniques. The measured nuclear-magnetic-resonance (NMR) and electron-nuclear-double-resonance frequencies were well accounted for by the triplet-spin... (Read more)
- 79. Phys. Rev. B 48, 17595 (1993) , “Nature of the native-defect ESR and hydrogen-dangling-bond centers in thin diamond films”, H. Jia, J. Shinar, D. P. Lang, M. PruskiThe X-band ESR of thin diamond films deposited from a mixture of 99.5% H2 and 0.5% CH4 is compared to those of films similarly prepared from D2-CD4 and H2-13CH4 mixtures. The main line and the satellites at 7.2 G are... (Read more)
- 80. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 5, 3019 (1993) , “ENDOR of the P2 centre in type-Ia diamonds”, J. A. van Wyk, J. H. N. LoubserThe P2 centre was the first defect observed in diamond with electron spin resonance. Because of a very complicated ESR spectrum many years elapsed before the correct model was determined. Accurate spin Hamiltonian parameters have been determined from extensive ENDOR measurements at room temperature.... (Read more)
- 81. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 5, 7929 (1993) , “The R2 EPR centre and 1.685 eV absorption line in diamond”, A. Mainwood, J. E. Lowther, J. A. van WykThe R2 EPR centre and 1.685 eV zero-phonon line seen in the optical absorption spectrum of diamond. have been shown to correlate in intensity and are believed to be associated with the same defect. We propose that the defect responsible is a highly strained vacancy, the origin of strain possibly... (Read more)
- 82. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 913 (1993) , “Raman-heterodyne-detected nonlinear susceptibility with an arbitrary radio-frequency field strength”, X. -F. He, P. T. H. Fisk, N. B. MansonRaman-heterodyne-detected complex nonlinear susceptibility has been measured and analyzed in detail with a radio-frequency field strength varying from weak to strong. The experiments were carried out on the nitrogen-vacancy color center in diamond involving both nuclear magnetic resonance and electron paramagnetic resonance transitions. The dispersive and the absorptive components of the nonlinear susceptibility are shown to have different saturation behaviors, and an anomalous-amplitude line shape arises where the dispersion component dominates in the response spectrum at high RF powers. The experimental results are found to be in good agreement with theoretical profiles, where no adjustable parameter is included in the calculation. (Read more)
- 83. Phys. Rev. B 49, 11010 (1994) , “Strongly perturbed negative-vacancy-related centers in diamond”, J. E. Lowther and J. A. van WykSeveral related defect centers have been observed in synthetic and type-Ib diamond following electron or neutron irradiation. Such centers, termed W centers, have similar characteristic features in that all have a spin of S=3/2 and exhibit an extremely large zero-field splitting. Spin-Hamiltonian... (Read more)
- 84. Phys. Rev. B 49, 15392 (1994) , “g tensor for substitutional nitrogen in diamond”, S. Zhang, S. C. Ke, M. E. Zvanut, H. T. Tohver, Y. K. VohraWe report a measurement of an axially symmetric g tensor for the substitutional nitrogen center in type-IIa synthetic isopure 12C diamond. Because the nitrogen concentration of the diamond studied is exceptionally low the electron-paramagnetic-resonance linewidth is sufficiently narrow to... (Read more)
- 85. Phys. Rev. B 50, 15586 (1994) , “EPR and 14N electron-nuclear double-resonance measurements on the ionized nearest-neighbor dinitrogen center in diamond”, O. D. Tucker, M. E. Newton, J. M. BakerThe nearest-neighbor substitutional nitrogen center [N-N]0 (A center), is one of the most common defects in natural diamond. [N-N]0 is diamagnetic and therefore cannot be studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). However, the [N-N]+ center is paramagnetic,... (Read more)
- 86. Phys. Rev. B 50, 17618 (1994) , “Acceptor level of substitutional Ni in diamond”, D. M. Hofmann, M. Ludwig, P. Christmann, D. Volm, B. K. Meyer, L. Pereira, L. Santos, E. PereiraSubstitutional Ni- in synthetic diamonds has been investigated by electron-paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and photo-EPR. The photo-EPR investigation shows that the Ni- EPR signal can be diminished by optical illumination, and the threshold energy of 2.470.02 eV suggests that the... (Read more)
- 87. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 6, 551 (1994) , “13C, 14N and 15N ENDOR measurements on the single substitutional nitrogen centre (P1) in diamond”, A. Cox, M. E. Newton, J. M. BakerNew ENDOR measurements on the single substitutional nitrogen centre in diamond are reported. The CW-ENDOR mechanism utilizes cross relaxation, and measurements have been made on both 14N and 15N, as well as the first detailed 13C ENDOR study on the isotope at the... (Read more)
- 88. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 6, 6721 (1994) , “A perturbed vacancy model for the R1 EPR centre in diamond”, J. E. Lowther, A. MainwoodRadiation damage produces many defects in diamond that are associated with lattice vacancies and interstitial atoms. EPR has proved to be a valuable tool in the characterization of such defects although often detailed models of the defect structure have not been attempted. It is shown that the R1... (Read more)
- 89. J. Phys.: Condens. Matter 6, 801 (1994) , “EPR of radiation damage centres W11, W12, W13 and W14 in type Ib diamond”, J. A. van WykW11, W12, W13 and W14 are four paramagnetic defects with S=3/2 observed in electron or neutron irradiated type Ib diamonds. Although spin Hamiltonian parameters have been determined that describe the ESR results very well, it will be shown that the normal spin Hamiltonian with... (Read more)
- 90. Diamond Relat. Mater. 4, 53 (1994) , “Slow emission of the 2.56 eV centre in synthetic diamond”, E. Pereira, L. Santos, L. Pereira, D. M. Hofmann, P. Christmann, W. Stadler and B. K. MeyerThe 2.56 eV luminescence band in synthetic diamond is studied in detail by time resolved photoluminescence and spin resonance measurements. The temperature dependence of the vibronic band shape indicates that between 2 and 20 K there is a noticeable change in relative intensities of the two dominant... (Read more)
- 91. Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 1091 (1994) , “Electron paramagnetic resonance forbidden transitions from hydrogen in polycrystalline diamond films”, S. H. Holder, L. G. Rowan, J. J. KrebsInvestigation of polycrystalline diamond films by electron paramagnetic resonance at 9.5 and 35 GHZ has revealed the presence of forbidden transitions resulting from a simultaneous microwave induced flipping of unpaired electron spins and environmental nuclear spins. The spacing of the resonance... (Read more)
- 92. Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2287 (1994) , “Identification of phosphorus in diamond thin films using electron paramagnetic-resonance spectroscopy”, M. E. Zvanut, W. E. Carlos, J. A. Freitas, Jr., K. D. Jamison, R. P. HellmerAn electron paramagnetic-resonance study of diamond films doped by implantation of phosphorus during film deposition is reported. Samples with nominal phosphorus concentration between 1016 and 1017 cm 3 exhibit two isotropic lines of equal intensity separated... (Read more)
- 93. Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 2951 (1994) , “Nitrogen in the isotopically enriched 12C diamond”, S. Zhang, M. E. Zvanut, Y. K. Vohra, S. S. VagaraliAn electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) characterization study of isotopically enriched 12C diamond grown by General Electric has been carried out. While other commonly used techniques detect no nitrogen in this diamond, the clear EPR spectrum consistently measured a nitrogen... (Read more)
- 94. Appl. Phys. Lett. 65, 3320 (1994) , “Power saturation and the effect of argon on the electron spin resonance of diamond deposited from a microwave plasma”, P. B. Lukins and J. KhachanElectron spin resonance (ESR) of microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition diamond shows peaks associated with (i) a P1 substitutional nitrogen defect center, (ii) spin-spin interactions between the paramagnetic sites and neighboring protons, and (iii) a possible contribution from graphitic... (Read more)
- 95. Phys. Rev. B 51, 16741 (1995) , “Optical detection of magnetic resonance of nitrogen and nickel in high-pressure synthetic diamond”, M. H. Nazare, P. W. Mason, G. D. Watkins, H. KandaDiamonds grown by the temperature-gradient method using a nickel catalyst exhibit a luminescence spectrum that is dominated by a broad band with sharp lines around 2.56 eV. We report optical detection of magnetic resonance of substitutional N0 and substitutional Ni- in this... (Read more)
- 96. Phys. Rev. B 52, 12657 (1995) , “Magnetic-resonance measurements on the 5A2 excited state of the neutral vacancy in diamond”, J. A. van Wyk, O. D. Tucker, M. E. Newton, J. M. Baker, G. S. Woods, P. SpearThe ground state of the neutral vacancy in diamond is diamagnetic and therefore has not been studied by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR). We report the observation of EPR from the 5A2 excited state of the neutral vacancy by EPR when illuminating an electron-irradiated... (Read more)
- 97. J. Appl. Phys. 78, 7059 (1995) , “Characterization of heavily B-doped polycrystalline diamond films using Raman spectroscopy and electron spin resonance”, P. Gonon, E. Gheeraert, A. Deneuville, F. Fontaine, L. Abello, G. LucazeauHeavily B-doped polycrystalline diamond films ([B]~" align="bottom">1019 cm3) are studied by Raman spectroscopy and electron spin resonance. The formation of an impurity band is accompanied by a Fano-type interference for the one-phonon scattering. Bands at 1200 and 500... (Read more)
- 98. Diamond Relat. Mater. 4, 177 (1995) , “Photoinduced absorption lines related to nickel impurity in annealed synthetic diamonds”, A. P. Yelisseyev and V. A. NadolinnyThe absorption lines at 539.9, 546.6 and 552.9 nm induced by visible or UV light illumination in synthetic diamonds annealed at T 2000 K and 5.5 GPa have been studied. The lines are associated with two different nitrogen-nickel defects, while the photoinduction effect is a result of internal... (Read more)
- 99. Diamond Relat. Mater. 4, 508 (1995) , “Effective correlation energies for defects in a-C:H from a comparison of photelectron yield and electron spin resonance experiments”, J. Ristein, J. Schäfer and L. LeyAmorphous hydrogenated carbon films (a-C:H) were deposited by r.f. plasma CVD from methane, varying the self bias potential of the substrate electrode by means of the r.f. power coupled into the discharge. Films were characterized by IR and optical spectroscopy, confirming a transition from... (Read more)
- 100. Diamond Relat. Mater. 4, 877 (1995) , “Properties of diffused diamond films with n-type conductivity”, Galina Popovici, M. A. Prelas, T. Sung, S. Khasawinah, A. A. Melnikov, V. S. Varichenko, A. M. Zaitsev, A. V. Denisenko and W. R. FahrnerHigh quality, freestanding "white" CVD diamond films, 230 μm thick, polished on both sides and with resistivity 1014Ω cm were used for diffusion of impurities to obtain n-type conductivity. Diffusion of lithium, oxygen and chlorine was performed under a bias. Auger analysis was... (Read more)
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