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- 51. phys. stat. sol. (a) 55, 251 (1979) , “Photo-EPR of Dislocations in Silicon”, R. Erdmann, H. Alexander.The dependence of the EPR spectrum of dislocations in deformed silicon on illumination with monochromatic light reveals the two EPR centers Si - K1 (S < 1/2) to be different ionization states of one and the same dislocation center. The energy level separating these ionization states lies near the... (Read more)
- 52. Sov. Phys. JETP 39, 721 (1974) , “Investigation of the Properties of the Dislocation EPR Spectra in Silicon”, S. V. Broude, V. A. Grazhulis, V. V. Kveder, Yu. A. Osipyan.We investigated the properties of the dislocation sEPR spectra in Si in the temperature interval from 1.3 to 150ºK. At helium temperatures we observed anomalies in the behavior of the dispersion signals χ' under conditions of adiabatic rapid passage (APR) through resonance. It is shown that the spectrum of the D centers has a hyperfine (hf) structure, with a line width ∆Hi ~0.2-0.3 Oe (the distance between neighboring hf lines is of the order of their width). It is established that under ARP conditions excitations are transferred between the hf lines as a result of spin-spin interactions with a characteristic time τ3, equal to 3-10 sec in the range 1.3-4.2ºK and weakly dependent on the temperature and on the microwave power. We measured the dependence of the integrated intensity of the absorption signals χ'' on the temperature in the 20-150ºK range. A strong deviation from the Curie low was observed at T=40-50ºK. The temperature dependence of the quantity τ1τ2 was measured in the same temperature range, under the assumption that the hf lines have a Lorentz shape. An anomaly at T=40-50ºK was observed also on the plot of τ1τ2=f(1/T). It is concluded that a magnetic phase transition takes place in the D-center system at 40-50ºK, and consequently the dislocations in Si can be regarded as models of one-demensional chain of spins with exchange interactions.
- 53. Sov. Phys. JETP 33, 623 (1971) , “Electron paramagnetic resonance of dislocations in silicon”, V. A. Grazhulis, Yu. A. Osip'yan
- 54. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 31, 1381 (1970) , “The Annealing of the EPR-Signal Produced in Silicon by Plastic Deformation”, F. D. Wohler and H. AlexanderW. SanderIn silicon an EPR signal is produced by plastic deformation. The annealing behavior of this signal has been investigated, and the dislocation density and structure has been studied by the etch pit technique and by electron microscopy. The EPR-signal anneals in one stage with an activation energy of... (Read more)
- 55. Sov. Phys. JETP 31, 677-679 (1970) , “Electron Paramagnetic Resonance in Plastically Deformed Silicon”, V. A. Grazhulis, Yu. A. Osipyan.Lightly doped silicon crystals were investigated experimentally by the electron paramagnetic resonance method. Paramagnetic centers, generated during plastic deformation of these crystals, were detected. The concentration of these centers increased monotonically with increasing degree of deformation. The EPR spectrum of these centers was anisotropic and had a partially resolved fine structure. The centers werestrongly annealed only at temperature T ≧ 600ºC and the activation energy of the annealing process was ~2 eV. It was concluded that these centers were due to electrons of broken bonds in the cores of dislocations with edge components.
- 56. Solid State Commun. 3, 357 (1965) , “Elektronenspin-Resonanz in Verformtem Silizium”, H. Alexander, R. Labusch and W. SanderBei 800°C verformte Silizium-Kristalle zeigen ein Elektronenspinresonanz-Signal, dessen Intensität mit der Versetzungsdichte zunimmt. Wir vermuten, daβ dieses Signal von ungepaarten Elektronen im Kern von Versetzungen stammt. Durch die Verformung wird die Bildung von Atomgruppen in... (Read more)
- 57. J. Appl. Phys. 29, 736-737 (1958) , “Silicon Crystals Free of Dislocations”, William C. DashEtching and copper decoration techniques have shown that silicon crystals grown from quartz crucibles under proper conditions contain no detectable dislocations.However,oxygen in concentration up to about 1018 per cm3incorporated from the quartz crucible might conceivably... (Read more)
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