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- 1. Appl. Phys. Lett. 91, 122109 (2007) , “Determining the defect parameters of the deep aluminum-related defect center in silicon”, Philipp Rosenits, Thomas Roth, Stefan W. Glunz, and Svetlana BeljakowaThrough a combined application of two characterization methods, deep-level transient spectroscopy and lifetime spectroscopy, the lifetime-limiting defect level in intentionally aluminum-contaminated Czochralski silicon has been analyzed and a complete set of defect parameters could be obtained. This... (Read more)
- 2. Physica B 401, 250 (2007) , Elsevier , “Doubly charged state of EL2 defect in MOCVD-grown GaAs ”, Nazir A. Naz, Umar S. Qurashi, Abdul Majid and M. Zafar IqbalEL2 is the ubiquitous native defect in crystalline GaAs grown by a variety of different techniques. It has been proposed to be a doubly charged deep-level center with two states having distinct energy levels in the band gap. While the singly charged state has been the subject of many experimental studies and is, therefore, well established, the doubly charged state has only been occasionally alluded to in the literature. This paper provides evidence for a dominant inadvertent deep level in p-type GaAs most likely to be the doubly charged state of the EL2 center. Deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) has been applied to characterize epitaxial layers of p-type GaAs grown on p+ GaAs substrates by low-pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition (LP-MOCVD). A pronounced peak is observed in the majority carrier (hole) emission deep-level spectra. Thermal emission rate of holes from the corresponding deep level is found to exhibit a strong electric field dependence, showing an increase of more than two orders of magnitude with an increase of the electric field by a factor of~2. The thermal activation energy for this level is found to vary from 0.29 to 0.61 eV as the electric field is varied from 2.8×105 to 1.4×105 V/cm. Direct pulse-filling measurements point to a temperature-dependent behavior of the hole capture cross section of this level. We identify this inadvertent deep-level defect, commonly observed in p-type AsGa grown by a variety of different methods, with the doubly charged state of the well-known AsGa antisite related defect, EL2. (Read more)
- 3. Advances in Science and Technology 46, 73 (2006) , Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland , “Electric-Field-Enhanced Thermal Emission from Osmium-Related”, M. Zafar Iqbal, A. Majid, A. Dadgar and D. BimbergDeep-level defects related with 5d transition metal, osmium (Os) have been studied in ntype GaAs. Os has been incorporated in epitaxial n-GaAs layers in situ, during growth by lowpressure metal-organic chemical vapour phase epitaxy (MOVPE) technique. Mesa p+nn+ junction diodes are fabricated for investigations by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). Two deeplevel peaks, observed in majority carrier (electron) emission spectra, Os1 and Os2, show a significant shift in peak positions to lower temperatures with the applied junction reverse bias, demonstrating enhancement of the thermal emission rate by the junction electric field. Doublecorrelation DLTS (DDLTS) measurements have been employed for accurate quantitative investigations of the observed field dependence. However, in view of the relatively small concentration of the deep level Os1, this technique is found to yield reliable data only for the deep level corresponding to the dominant peak, Os2. Detailed data have been obtained on the field effect for Os2, extending over junction electric field values 3 x 106 V/m - 1.2 x 107 V/m. The measured emission rate signatures show a reduction of the thermal activation energy from 0.48 eV to 0.21 eV for Os2 over this electric field range. Analysis of the data in terms of the recent theoretical work on field dependence indicates that Os2 is associated with a substitutional Os donor. (Read more)
- 4. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 202114 (2006) , “Deep level transient spectroscopy study of Pd and Pt sputtering damage in n-type germanium”, E. Simoen, K. Opsomer, C. Claeys, K. Maex, C. Detavernier, R. L. Van Meirhaeghe, and P. ClauwsDefect formation during Pd and Pt germanidation of n-type germanium, using rapid thermal annealing in the range of 300–500 °C, is investigated by deep level transient spectroscopy. Small concentrations of an electron trap at ~EC−0.385 eV are found,... (Read more)
- 5. Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 112107 (2006) , “Determination of the concentration of recombination centers in thin asymmetrical p-n junctions from capacitance transient spectroscopy”, Juan A. Jiménez Tejada, Pablo Lara Bullejos, Juan A. López Villanueva, Francisco M. Gómez-Campos, Salvador Rodríguez-Bolívar, and M. Jamal DeenRecombination centers in thin asymmetrical p-n junctions were analyzed in the context of capacitance transient experiments. The combined effect of the thin low-doped region of the junction and the nonzero value of the occupation factor of the recombination center in the depletion layer... (Read more)
- 6. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 183506 (2006) , “Deep level transient spectroscopy study of nickel-germanide Schottky barriers on n-type germanium”, E. Simoen, K. Opsomer, C. Claeys, K. Maex, C. Detavernier, R. L. Van Meirhaeghe, S. Forment, and P. ClauwsNickel-germanide Schottky barriers have been made on n-type germanium and evaluated by deep level transient spectroscopy in order to detect possible metal indiffusion during the 30 s rapid thermal annealing (RTA) employed for the germanidation. It is shown that while no electron traps have... (Read more)
- 7. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 182103 (2006) , “Observation of minority-carrier traps in InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well light-emitting diodes during deep-level transient spectroscopy measurements”, J. W. Kim, G. H. Song, J. W. LeeAn unusual appearance of a peak in the deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) data for minority-carrier traps from an InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum-well (MQW) light-emitting diode, under a bias condition provided by a square pulse of varying height superimposed over the reverse-bias voltage, is newly... (Read more)
- 8. Appl. Phys. Lett. 88, 141901 (2006) , “Defects in Cu2O studied by deep level transient spectroscopy”, G. K. Paul, Y. Nawa, H. Sato, T. Sakurai, and K. AkimotoHole traps in p-type Cu2O were studied by means of deep level transient spectroscopy in the heterostructure of p-Cu2O/i-ZnO/n-ZnO. In addition to the trap level at about 0.45 eV from the valance band edge, which is already reported as being due to... (Read more)
- 9. J. Appl. Phys. 100, 113728 (2006) , “Investigation of deep levels in n-type 4H-SiC epilayers irradiated with low-energy electrons”, Katsunori Danno and Tsunenobu KimotoDeep levels in n-type 4H-SiC epilayers have been investigated by deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS). The Z1/2 and EH6/7 centers are dominant in as-grown samples. After electron irradiation at 116 keV, by which only carbon atoms may be displaced, the... (Read more)
- 10. J. Appl. Phys. 100, 074313 (2006) , “Deep levels in silicon Schottky junctions with embedded arrays of ß -FeSi2 nanocrystallites”, A. Tsormpatzoglou, D. H. Tassis, C. A. Dimitriadis, L. Dózsa, N. G. Galkin, D. L. Goroshko, V. O. Polyarnyi, and E. A. ChusovitinSchottky contacts on p-type silicon, with embedded arrays of β-FeSi2 nanocrystallites, were studied by current-voltage (I-V), deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS), and low-frequency noise measurements. Forward I-V characteristics on logarithmic... (Read more)
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